China’s 2022 Anti-Telecom and Online Fraud Law defines 电信网络诈骗, establishes prevention duties for telecommunications, financial and internet services, and provides administrative sanctions. It does not establish a separate criminal fraud offense: criminal fraud charges may proceed under Criminal Law Article 266. A 2024 joint judicial opinion explains the treatment of cross-border offenses and identifies enterprise and industrial parks that may constitute fraud bases.
What it calls fraud at home
The domestic term is
Telecom-network fraud (电信网络诈骗). That matters here
because the offshore operations and the domestic fraud are connected: the
term entry states whether it is a statutory definition or an agency
classification, and the record below separates reported participation from
arrest, prosecution and possible coercion.
Correction, 18 October 2026. Distinguished the 2022 Anti-Telecom and Online Fraud Law, which defines and regulates the conduct, from criminal fraud charges under Criminal Law Article 266.
The record
Each entry states how well it is sourced. An advisory read
from a ministry’s own site and a figure that exists only in newspaper
reporting are different kinds of fact, and anyone deciding whether to cite
one should know which they are holding.
RepatriationSource blocked
Ministry of Public Security task force on crimes against Chinese nationals in northern Myanmar
Myanmar had cumulatively handed over fifty-eight thousand fraud suspects of Chinese nationality, and large-scale fraud parks in northern Myanmar had been essentially cleared.
The ministry’s site was unreachable. Wording read from the state broadcaster. Note a second figure in circulation with a different framing — around fifty-nine thousand seized and handed over since 2023, stated by the Criminal Investigation Bureau in July 2026. The two are not interchangeable; each carries its own cut-off and its own verb.
The issuing body’s own site could not be reached. Recorded from a mirror or state media, and flagged.
Task forceRead at source
China, Myanmar and Thailand — second ministerial meeting
The trilateral mechanism met in Naypyidaw and agreed to clear the fraud parks comprehensively and detain all those involved. The readout states that more than five thousand four hundred Chinese-national fraud suspects had been seized and collectively repatriated during 2025 to that point.
Read directly from the issuing body’s own publication.
AdvisoryRead at source
Embassy of China in Thailand
A consular warning against the high-salary recruitment trap, telling citizens not to believe promises of well-paid work with flights and accommodation included, and reminding them that the visa waiver does not permit working.
Read directly from the issuing body’s own publication.
StatementRead at source
Supreme People’s Court, Supreme People’s Procuratorate and Ministry of Public Security
A joint opinion on the application of law in cross-border telecom-network fraud cases, in three parts and sixteen articles. Article 8 defines a criminal base to include entire buildings, enterprise parks, industrial parks and development zones built to host, or predominantly occupied by, fraud groups.
Issued 26 June 2024; publicly released 26 July 2024. The later date is publication, not adoption. As interpretive guidance rather than a judicial interpretation, it carries no separate commencement clause.
Read directly from the issuing body’s own publication.
LawRead at source
Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress
The Anti-Telecom and Online Fraud Law was adopted and promulgated on 2 September 2022 and took effect on 1 December 2022. Article 2 defines telecom and online fraud; the sectoral chapters set prevention duties; Article 38 provides for criminal liability under existing law when a crime is constituted and for administrative measures otherwise.
Read directly from the issuing body’s own publication.
CampaignSource blocked
State Council inter-ministerial joint conference on telecom-network crime
The card-cutting campaign was launched at a national deployment meeting, on the stated basis that the unlawful opening and sale of telephone cards and bank cards is a principal root of sustained high-volume fraud.
The Ministry of Public Security’s own site returned errors on every attempt, direct and proxied. The text and the 10 October date were read from a provincial police mirror carrying the identical release.
The issuing body’s own site could not be reached. Recorded from a mirror or state media, and flagged.